The following problems are encountered in cooling water
In a cooling system water is constantly re-circulated to remove heat from heat exchangers. In this process water is continuously evaporated to give up heat, while the minerals it contained are left back in the remaining water. This leads to the increase in mineral concentration in the cooling water. These minerals start precipitating after attaining saturation and form crystalline like substance in heat exchanger system. This crystalline growth is called scale.
PH: PH has got a significant effect on scaling. Solubility of salts of calcium & magnesium reduces as PH increases. Hence they tend to precipitate at higher ph and form scale.
Hardness is one of the main elements that induce scale formation higher alkalinity leads to the precipitation of salts of calcium & magnesium and also leads to the formation of silicate scales.
Temperature: salts of calcium & magnesium have inverse solubility i.E., As the temperature increases their solubility decreases. Thus they precipitates and form scales.
Silica precipitates as calcium silicate or magnesium silicate at higher ph. This forms hard scales.
Scaling is control with addition of scale inhibitors which form water soluble complexes with calcium & magnesium ions and prevent them from precipitating.
While adding above chemicals the following parameters to be monitored: Maintain ph at less than 8.5.
Maintain regular blow down as recommended to control build up of mineral concentration. Identify low velocity areas in cooling system and correct the same
Corrosion is nothing but physical loss of metal when the metal turns to it’s oxide form. It occurs due to the following:
Low ph
Presence of oxygen. Oxygen combines with electrons and water at cathode. Continuous contact of cathode with oxygen keeps corrosion process going on by way of inducing electron flow from anode and this results in loss of metal an anodic sites.
Presence of corrosive anions like chlorides, sulfates, etc.,
Presence of bacteria viz., Sulfate reducing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, iron reducing bacteria. Dissimilar metals in the system cause galvanic corrosion.
Reduces heat transfer due to build up of corrosion products in the heat exchanger.
Corrosion increases maintenance costs as heat exchangers frequently fouled by corrosion products.
Corrosion increases repairs and replacement costs and in turn it increases down time losses.
Corrosion develops leaks in heat exchanger system due to which cooling water gets mixed up with process fluids and contaminate the process.
Passivate anodic sites to prevent electron transfer with the help of anodic inhibitors. Similarly passivate catholic sites with the help of catholic inhibitors also.
Use of filming inhibitors suitable to the metallurgy of the system to control corrosion.
Use of suitable biocides to control corrosion causing bacteria.
Foulants are particles of oil, dust, silt, dead organisms, scale & corrosion products and other debris in suspended state in cooling water. They enter the system through internal and external sources.
These foulants stick together and gradually settle on metal surfaces of the cooling lines and create deposits.
Obstructs water flow. Reduces heat transfer efficiency. Reduces the performance of scale and corrosion inhibitors. Induces corrosion which leads to increased maintenance and replacement costs. Remedial measures to control fouling Addition of dispersants help control fouling. Low velocity areas are to be identified and corrective action is to be taken. Remove foulants regularly with the help of side stream filtration help control fouling.
Water is an ideal place for micro organisms to live and breed.
Bacteria, algae and fungi are the most common microbes that are encountered in cooling water systems. These microbes cause serious damage to the cooling water system
Our programs are designed to accomplish following objectives to keepthe plant system free from corrosion, deposits and microbiological growth.
Scale and corrosion control:the product include orthophosphate,pyrophosphate,organophosphate,zinc and molybdenum based well proven corrosion inhibitors and terpolymer based scale control treatment which distorts the crystallisation even when the system is under severe stress conditions viz.,High hardness,high temperature etc.,
The micrbiological growth viz.,Algae & fungi hampers .Heat transfer and water circulation in the cooling system .
In addition to the above,micro organisam cause corrosion in the system.
Our biocides include both oxidizing and non-oxidizing biocides to achive control of microbiological growth.Our comperhensive treatment programs are incorporated with bio dispersents to break bio film in the system which enhancees the performance of our biocides.
Preventive maintenance is becoming more and more top priority while it is contributing to the bottom line. Our preventive maintenance programs are designed to be effective, simple, time tested, and it enhances the process and system performance. Since the treatment extends the life of the equipments, which contributes to the bottom line.
Our preventive maintenance program are designed to remove insulting deposits to improve efficiency of the system.
Our preventive maintenance programs are designed to archive the following objectives.
These objective are met through scientific system study, suggestion of proper preventive maintenance programs being implemented as per the design.
Our preventive maintenance program includes range of cleaning chemicals from acid cleaners to alkaline cleaners to cleaners in gel form